thou o`r
fnoaxr pkSñ bZ'oj flag
(uoEcj 1926 & Qjojh 1998)
laLFkkid dU;k egkfo|ky;] Qrsgiqj&iw.Mjh
tUe % dU;k egkfo|ky; Qrsgiqj&iw.Mjh ds tUenkrk] laLFkkid] lja{kd tks dqN Hkh dgas og Fks pkSñ bZ'oj flgaA ,slk uke ftls fdvkt ls 50 lky igys ds cqtqxZ ;kn djrs gSa ogh vkxs vkus okys lSadM+ksa o"kks± rd bykds ds O;fDr ;kn djsxsaAdjuky ftys ds LVkS.Mh xk¡oesa pkSñ fla?k jke ds e/;e oxhZ; ifjokj esa 5 uoEcj 1926 dks tUe ysus okyk ckyd gfj;k.kk dk fljekSj cusxk] ;g dYiuk 'kk;n ghmuds ifjokj tuksa us dh gksxhA
f'k{kk % LVkS.Mh] ikuhir] jksgrd] esjB tSls 'kgjksa ds mRd`"V f'k{kk laLFkkuksa ls vkius f'k{kk izkIr dhA ;g rks vkidh vkSipkfjd f'k{kkdk mYys[k gSA ijUrq vkius vkthou vklikl ds okrkoj.k] izd`fr ,oa vU; O;fDr;ksa ds vuqHko ls fujUrj lh[kus dk Øe tkjh j[kk ,oanwljksa dks Hkh lh[kus ds fy, mRlkfgr fd;kA
O;fDrRo % 'kkar] lkSE;] 'kkyhu] galeq[k] e`nqHkk"kh] vuq'kklu fiz;] lknk ifj/kku] xkSjo.kZ] yEch pkSM+h dn&dkBh ,sls vuqie O;fDrRods /kuh Fks gekjs egkfo|ky; ds laLFkkid pkSñ bZ'oj flagA
deZ;ksxh % pkSñ bZ'oj flag f'k{kk ds {ks= esa tgk¡ mikld Fks ogha deZ{ks= esa deZ;ksxhA vuFkd dke djus dh mudh izo`fr FkhA gfj;k.kkfo/kku lHkk ds O;Lrre v/;{k in dh ftEesnkfj;ksa dk fuokZg djrs gq, Hkh vius }kjk lapkfyr laLFkkuksa fo'ks"kdj dU;k egkfo|ky;Qrsgiqj&iq.Mjh dk /;ku djrs gq, lIrkg ds nks fnu bl dke ds fy, fudkyrs FksA fpyfpykrh /kwi] fBBqjrh BaM] /kqvk¡/kkj ckfj'k mudsdke djus dh yXu eas ck/kk ugha igqapk ldrh FkhA vkB&vkB ?k.Vs rd fcuk dqN [kk;s&ih;s QhYM esa [kM+s jg dj dke djus ,oa djokusdh vn~Hkqr {kerk j[krs Fks] pkSñ bZ'oj flagA
vk'kkoknh % vki thou esa ges'kk vk'kkoknh jgsA gekjs tSls lk/kkj.k tuksa ds fy, tks ladV dh ?kM+h gksrh Fkh] ,sls esa lnk /kS;Z /kkj.k djusokys] leL;k dk lek/kku <wa<us okys] ladYioku pkSñ bZ'oj flag lnk ;kn jgsaxsA
ljy ân; % fl) ;ksxh dh rjg vki vR;ar ljy ân; FksA Øks/k dks ikl ugha QVdus nsrs FksA fQj Hkh vki ds v/khu dke djus okykO;fDr lko/kku jgrk FkkA izR;sd ds Åij eeRo j[krs FksA vuUr Kku ds vkxkj] foKku f'k{kk] lkekU; Kku] bfrgkl] laLd`fr]'ksj&vks&'kk;jh ,oa xzkeh.k gkL;izn Kkuo/kZd yksdksfDr;ksa ds ekuks vki Hk.Mkj FksA rh{.k cqf)] lw{e voyksdu] vf}rh; Le`fr 'kfDrls lHkh dks vpfEHkr dj nsrs FksA dYiuk dks lkdkj esa ifj.kfr djus dh {kerk j[kus okys FksA VwVh [kkV ,oa vkyh'kku lksQs] nksuksa esa ghfufyZIr Hkko j[krs Fks] dyk izseh FksA dU;k egkfo|ky; Qrsgiqj&iq.Mjh] dU;k egkfo|ky; <k.M MMokuk] turk dkWyst dkSy ,oad`f"k egkfo|ky; dkSy ds dSEil vkids izd`fr izse] lkSUn;Z izse ,o fo'kky vuqHko dks izdV djrs gSaA
miyfC/k;ka % f'k{kk ds {ks= esa Loñ ekuuh; pkSñ bZ'oj flag dk fo'ks"k ;ksxnku jgk gSA L=h f'k{kk ds {ks= esa gfj;k.kk esa ,d vn~Hkqr ØkfUrykus dk xkSjo vkidks izkIr gSA dU;k xq#dqy vUtuFkyh] pkSñ bZ'oj flag dU;k egkfo|ky; Qrsgiqj&iq.Mjh] pkSñ bZ'oj flag dU;kegkfo|ky; <k.M MMokuk ,oa pkSñ bZ'oj flag efgyk f'k{k.k egkfo|ky; Qrsgiqj&iq.Mjh] L=h f'k{kk {ks= eas vkidh vuqiensu gSA vki bu laLFkkvksa ds ewy laLFkkid jgs gSA
fofHkUu f'k{kk laLFkkvksa dk vkius izfrfuf/kRo fd;k gSA dq#{ks= fo'ofo|ky; ds dksVZ ,oa,XthD;wfVodkSafly dh lnL;rk izkIr dh] d`f"k egkfo|ky; dkSy ds ,MfefuLVªsVj jgsaA iatkc fo'ofo|ky; esa gfj;k.kk dk izfrfuf/kRofd;kA yUnu ikfyZ;keSUVjh lSehukj vVSUM fd;kA f'keyk esa ikfyZ;keSUVjh dkWUÝSUl esa Hkkx fy;kA fnYyh esa Hkh dkeuoSYFkikfyZ;keSUVjh dkWUÝsUl esa Hkkx fy;kA lekt lsok] Lok/;k; ,oa Hkze.k vkids fo'ks"k 'kkSd FksA Jhyadk] baXySaM] cSfYfT;e] Ýkal]teZuh] bVyh] fLoVtjyS.M] yScuku] vejhdk] dukMk] tkiku] gk¡xdk¡x] FkkbZyS.M vkfn vusd fons'k ;k=k,a vkius dhAbUVjuS'kuy ÝSUMf'ki lkslkbVh vkWQ bf.M;k (eqEcbZ) us ^^fodkl jRu** tSls mPp lEeku ls vkidks lEekfur fd;kA
jktuSfrd {ks= % 1968 LorU= mEehnokj dh gSfl;r ls viuk jktuSfrd thou vkjEHk fd;kA vki 1968] 1972] 1982 ,oa1991 esa gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk ds lnL; jgsA 1969&72 rd gfj;k.kk LVsV ,xzhdYpj ekdsZfVax cksMZ ds pS;jeSu jgsA 1972 ls1977 rd ifCyd ,dkmUVl desVh ds pS;jeSu jgsA 1982 ls 1984 rd lckjfMusV ySftlys'ku desVh ds eSEcj jgsA1984&1985 lckjfMusV ySftlys'ku desVh ds ps;jeSu jgsA vxLr 1984 ls ebZ 1987 rd Iykfuax cksmZ ds mik/;{k ds in dkslq'kksfHkr fd;kA bl izdkj fofHkUu inksa ij jgdj vkius viuh lEiw.kZ {kerk ,oa vf/kdkjksa dk iw.kZ mi;ksx djrs gq, bykds dhdk;k iyV dj nhA bykds dh turk vkids egku ;ksxnku dks dHkh Hkqyk ugha ldrhA ,sls egku O;fDrRo dks dU;kegkfo|ky; dh rjQ ls 'kr~&'kr~ ueu~A
